對每一個路由器來說,都有一個控制台接口(Console),管理員可以通過RS-232 線纜把控制口和一個終端的主口連接起來,通過這個終端對路由器進行配置.
終端通訊參數設置為:
速度: 9600bps
起始位: 1位
數據位: 8位
停止位: 1或2位
校驗: 無
待終端通訊參數設置完畢,接好路由器控制台,請先打開終端電源,開路由器電源,之就進入初始配置了.屏幕出現(以Cisco 2501為例):
System Bootstrap, Version 5.2(5), RELEASE SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1986-1994 by cisco Systems
2500 processor with 2048 Kbytes of main memory
大約停頓1-2分鐘,系統調入boot,請耐心等待
F3: 3996764+54172+225404 at 0x3000060
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 11.2(1), MAJOR RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 30-Sep-96 12:07 by ajchopra
Image text-base: 0x030215A4, data-base: 0x00001000
cisco 2500 (68030) processor (revision D) with 2048K/2048K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID 02327592, with hardware revision 00000000
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 2.0, NET2, BFE and GOSIP compliant.
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Serial network interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)
Notice: NVRAM invalid, possibly due to write erase.
--- System Configuration Dialog ---
At any point you may enter a question mark '?' for help.
Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.
Default settings are in square brackets '[]'.
Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes]:Return
你是否要進入初始化配置?默認"是".
First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]:Return
首先,你是否想看一下當前端口的狀態?默認"是".
Any interface listed with OK? value "NO" does not have a valid configuration
下面會列出當前路由器所具有的硬件配置(包括局域網口和廣域網口,以及個端口當前狀態等等.)
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Ethernet0 unassigned NO unset up down
Serial0 unassigned NO unset down down
Serial1 unassigned NO unset down down
Configuring global parameters:
Enter host name [Router]: JSRouter
設置系統名,如JSRouter.
The enable secret is a one-way cryptographic secret used
instead of the enable password when it exists.
Enter enable secret: cisco
設置進入priviledged EXEC 的密碼
The enable password is used when there is no enable secret
and when using older software and some boot images.
Enter enable password: cisco1 (1)
Enter virtual terminal password: cisco
設置進入虛擬終端登錄到路由器的口令,即遠程登錄(telnet)的口令
Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]:Return
是否設置簡單網管協議?
Community string [public]:Return
Configure IP? [yes]:Return
是否設置IP協議?
Configure IGRP routing? [yes]:Return (2)
是否設置IGRP 路由協議?
Your IGRP autonomous system number [1]:Return (3)
你的IGRP 路由協議自治系統號(AS),默認為1.
Configuring interface parameters:
下面配置端口參數
Configuring interface Ethernet0:Return
Is this interface in use? [yes]:Return
Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:Return
IP address for this interface: 1.1.1.1
Number of bits in subnet field [0]:Return (4)
Class A network is 1.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is /8
以上是配置以太口0,假設IP地址是1.1.1.1,掩碼是255.0.0.0.
Configuring interface Serial0:Return
Is this interface in use? [yes]:Return
Configure IP on this interface? [yes]:Return
Configure IP unnumbered on this interface? [no]:Return
IP address for this interface: 2.1.1.1
Number of bits in subnet field [0]:Return
Class A network is 2.0.0.0, 0 subnet bits; mask is /8
以上是配置串口0,假設IP地址是2.1.1.1,掩碼是255.0.0.0.
Configuring interface Serial1:Return
Is this interface in use? [yes]: no
以上是當不需要用串口1時,請敲入no.
The following configuration command script was created:
hostname JSRouter
enable secret 5 $1$Bv.r$j/Zm2B6jw9UTQPxLGZjAz.
enable password cisco1
line vty 0 4
password cisco
snmp-server community public
!
ip routing
!
interface Ethernet0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
!
interface Serial0
ip address 2.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
!
interface Serial1
shutdown
no ip address
!
router igrp 1
network 1.0.0.0
network 2.0.0.0
!
end
Use this configuration? [yes/no]: yes (5)
確認當前配置,把當前配置寫入NVRAM 中.這樣以開機自動把配置調入內存,不需要重新配置了.
Building configuration...
Use the enabled mode 'configure' command to modify this configuration.
Press RETURN to get started!
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1, changed state to down
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0, changed state to down
%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1, changed state to down
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial1, changed state to administratively down
%SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-I-L), Version 11.2(1), MAJOR RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1
)
Copyright (c) 1986-1996 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Mon 30-Sep-96 12:07 by ajchopra
JSRouter>en
Password:(敲入密碼,不反顯的)
JSRouter#
備注:
Enter enable password:-----這個口令是對IOS 10.2以下版本適用,在IOS 10.3以上版本均使用secret,不再用password.在配置文件中, secret是加密顯示的.
現在我們通常都在IOS 10.3 版本以上,故無需password這個口令.
另外,password和secret不能相同.
在初始配置中,默認的路由協議是IGRP,若敲入yes,則生成IGRP路由協議.假如不想使用IGRP協議,則打No,在配置模式下(conf t)選擇路由協議.
自治系統 (autonomous system)-----它是一個域的概念.路由協議在一個 自制系統中可以交換路由信息,而在兩個自制系統之間是不能直接傳遞路由信息的,必須通過類似網際路由協議才能互相通訊.這樣就大大地縮小了路由表,減少它佔用的帶寬量,使網絡具有擴展性.
Number of bits in subnet field [0]-----掩碼子網的位數.舉例說明:
掩碼為255.0.0.0的掩碼子網位數是0,掩碼共8位
掩碼為255.255.0.0的掩碼子網位數8,掩碼共16位
掩碼為255.255.255.0的掩碼子網位數16,掩碼共24位
掩碼為255.255.255.252的掩碼子網位數22,掩碼共30位
Cisco命令系統是即時生效的,也就是說,配置完立即執行,但若不寫入NVRAM 中,關掉電源就會丟失.你若想保留更改的配置,請敲入write命令.
Windows 95/NT 下,超級終端的設置.
在 開始--->程序--->附件--->超級終端--->Hypetrm
設定名稱為cisco,再選擇一個圖標.
請選擇"直接連接到串口1"
選擇波特率為9600bps.
最把設置的保存在cisco文件裡.下一次直接從超級終端cisco中啟動.
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